Inzamam-ul-Haq

Inzamam-ul-Haq (Saraiki, Punjabi, Urdu: انضمام الحق; born 3 March 1970 in Multan,Punjab Province, Pakistan), also known as Inzamam, nicknamed Inzy or the Sultan of Multan, is a former Pakistan international cricketer who was national captain between 2003 and 2007. He is a right-handed batsman who has been regarded as one of the greatest cricketers from Pakistan in modern times.

On October 5, 2007, Inzamam retired from International cricket following the second Testmatch against South Africa, falling three runs short of Javed Miandad as Pakistan's leading run scorer in Test cricket. Following his retirement, he joined the Indian Cricket League, captaining the Hyderabad Heroes in the inaugural edition of the Twenty20 competition. In the ICL's second edition, he captained the Lahore Badshahs, a team composed entirely of Pakistani cricketers.

One Day International cricket

Inzamam made his One Day International (ODI) debut in a home series against West Indies in 1991, and made a good start with 20 and 60 in two matches against West Indies, followed by 48, 60, 101, and 117 against Sri Lanka.

Handpicked by former Pakistan captain Imran Khan for the 1992 Cricket World Cup inAustralia and New Zealand, 22-year-old Inzamam was relatively unheard of before the tournament. To the surprise of many he was persevered with throughout the tournament, coming in at various positions in the batting line-up, despite not being very successful early on. Yet it was his performances at the most crucial stage of the competition that made fans and summarisers take note. Inzamam rose to fame in Pakistan's dramatic semi-final against New Zealand at Auckland. With his side in a precarious position, chasing 262, against an impressive New Zealand side, he hit a fiery 60 from only 37 balls to rescue his side and guide them into the final The innings was regarded as one of the finest World Cup performances. A massive six he hit in that match was described by David Lloyd as the shot of the tournament.

Inzamam made an equally vital contribution in the final of the World Cup, scoring 42 off just 35 balls, helping Pakistan reach a score of 249 after a sluggish start.These innings established Inzamam's billing as a big-game player, although he was unable to replicate his World Cup success in later tournaments. Another World Cup career highlight included a semi-final innings in the 1992 World Cup.

In total, Inzamam set a record for scoring the most fifties in One Day Internationals, 83 – though this is now surpassed by Sachin Tendulkar.He also became the second batsman to score 10,000 runs in One-day Internationals (again after Tendulkar) and was named in the World Team XI for both Test and One-day Internationals in the 2005 ICC Awards. In his final ODI for Pakistan, playing Zimbabwe in the 2007 Cricket World Cup, he took three catches whilst fielding, including the last one of the match, ending his One Day career.

Test cricket

He got little opportunity to make an impact during his 1992 Test debut against England atEdgbaston, with a score of eight not out. However, in subsequent matches he demonstrated a vulnerability against swing bowling which resulted in him being dropped for the final Test after averaging a lowly 13.20 runs per innings. Pakistan went on to secure a famous win in the match, taking the series 2-1.

After the England series, Inzamam aimed to establish himself in the Test side and he achieved this successfully, helping the side to many memorable victories. One of particular note came against Australia in Karachi, 1994, when he made 58* guiding the tail and helped Pakistan to a one-wicket victory and a 1-0 series win. As well as helping his side to become the top-ranked side in the world for a brief period he achieved personal success by becoming the ICC's number one ranked batsmen in 1995 He later went on to reclaim top spot in the rankings in 1997. He remained amongst the top 20 ranked batsmen up until his retirement. He was the number one batsman in the world three times as well and held the title of the 3rd best batsman several times including an extensive run (occasionally second best) from 2004-2006 in his career, the last time being after his twin fifties at Lords against England in 2006. The tour of England in 1996 was a particular success for both Inzamam and Pakistan, where Inzamam transformed his batting against seam bowling, averaging 64, with scores of 148, 70, 65, and 35.

His Test career highlights include 329 against New Zealand in Lahore in 2001-02 season, and the second highest Test score by a Pakistani and the twelfth highest overall. He also scored a century (184) in his 100th Test, becoming only the fifth player to do so (after Colin Cowdrey, Alec Stewart,Gordon Greenidge and Javed Miandad; Ricky Ponting subsequently emulated the feat). Inzamam got a century in each innings of the second Test match against England in 2005, to become Pakistan's leading centurion with 24 centuries, breaking Javed Miandad's record, and his 25th century in the 2nd Test against India on 22 January 2006 made him the 10th player to score 25 or more centuries. He also managed 138* while facing a humiliating defeat against Bangladesh, eventually saving the Test match and leading his team to victory. He scored a century against the West Indies in 2005. His 92* against South Africa in late 2006 showed his ability to bat in a crisis again in a match winning effort. He scored twin half centuries when all appeared lost to draw the first test in Mohali against India in 2005,and also scored a 184 (in his 100th test match) in the same away series and drew the series. He still holds the record for most consecutive half centuries against one country with nine in nine innings against England. This streak started from May 31, 2001 and lasted till July 13, 2006.He scored a century and half century at Lords in 1996.His 118 against Australia in Hobart all but won the test for Pakistan but Adam Gilchrist's match winning 149 not out made the difference.His average in matches won is second only to Donald Bradman and Kumar Sangakkara.

After announcing his retirement after the second Test against South Africa, at the stadium where he made his international debut,Inzamam needed 20 runs to surpass Javed Miandad for the record of most runs for a Pakistani Test cricketer.After falling for 14 in the first innings, he was dismissed for 3 in his final innings by Paul Harris, out stumped,leaving him three runs shy of the record. He needed only 70 more career runs for a batting average of 50.

County Cricket

Inzamam made his debut in English county cricket in August 2007 at the age of 37. He joined Yorkshire County Cricket Club as a replacement for Younus Khan who left to play for Pakistan in the 2007 ICC World Twenty20. He was disappointing on the whole, making eight on debut at Scarborough's North Marine Road against Warwickshire before making nine and seven in his opening Pro40 games.

Indian Cricket League

In 2007, Inzamam joined the unsanctioned Indian Cricket League. In the inaugural competition, Inzamam captained the Hyderabad Heroesand scored 141 runs in 5 matches. In the 2008 competition in March, Inzamam captained the Lahore Badshahs, composed entirely of Pakistani cricketers. Lahore Badshah manged to win T20 tournament of ICL in 2008/9.

The move to the ICL has proved to be a controversial one for Inzamam. The PCB's stance on players joining unsanctioned leagues has meant that he has been banned from playing in any domestic competitions in Pakistan or any involvement with the international team.However, given Inzamam's recent retirement, this is unlikely to affect him.

It is reported that he was paid PK Rs. 10 Crore (US $1,100,000) which was the highest salary for any player participating in the league along with the likes of Brian Lara.

Playing style

Inzamam captained Pakistan in 25 Tests, winning eight, drawing eight and losing nine. Only three players have captained Pakistan in more Test matches, but all have better win-loss records, and only Imran Khan has a lower win percentage than Inzamam. However, Inzamam held the captaincy until March 2007, the longest captaincy tenure since 1992 when Imran Khan retired.

Captaincy had a positive effect on Inzamam's batting, often leading by example in pressure situations, averaging greater as a captain (52) than without (50). In ODI's Inzamam also held the highest average as captain in ODI's and is currently third on that list behind the current Australian skipper Ricky Ponting and the Indian captain Mahendra Singh Dhoni. After early failures in Australia, he took a depleted Pakistan side to India in 2005 and was important in securing a draw, winning the final test match from an unlikely position with 184. He subsequently lead his side to an ODI success against West Indies (away), England (home) and Sri Lanka (away) as well as Test Series victories against England (home), India (home), Sri Lanka (away). Inzamam had seemed to have united the Pakistan side and victories lead them to 2^nd place in the ICC Test Rankings and 3^rd place in the ICC ODI Ranking. The latter part of Inzamam's tenure as Pakistan captain was less successful and the team was embroiled in many controversies culminating in a disappointingly early exit from the 2007 Cricket World Cup at the hands of lowly ranked Ireland.

In the 2007 Cricket World Cup, Inzamam captained the Pakistani team to its first loss to associate ICC member Ireland (on St Patrick's Day). This result and their previous loss to West Indies, led to them being knocked out of the tournament. A day later he announced his retirement from One Day International Cricket and resignation as Test captain. The announcement was made the same day that Bob Woolmer, Pakistan's coach, died in his hotel room in Kingston, Jamaica. He dedicated his final ODI to Woolmer to whom he shared a good relationship with for three years and affectionately called 'The Bob'.

Test centuries

See also: List of international cricket centuries by Inzamam-ul-Haq

Test Centuries by Inzamam-ul-Haq
	Runs	Against	Year	Test #
1	123	West Indies	1993	1222
2	135*	New Zealand	1994	1249
3	100*	Sri Lanka	1994	1267
4	101	Zimbabwe	1995	1290
5	148	England	1996	1330
6	177	West Indies	1997	1389
7	200*	Sri Lanka	1999	1450
8	118	Australia	1999	1469
9	138	Sri Lanka	2000	1489
10	135	West Indies	2000	1494
11	112	Sri Lanka	2000	1501
12	142	England	2000	1521
13	130	New Zealand	2001	1536
14	114	England	2001	1547
15	105*	Bangladesh	2001	1560
16	329	New Zealand	2002	1600
17	112	Zimbabwe	2002	1625
18	138*	Bangladesh	2003	1658
19	118	India	2004	1695
20	117	Sri Lanka	2004	1719
21	184	India	2005	1743
22	117*	West Indies	2005	1754
23	109	England	2005	1772
24	100*
25	119	India	2006	1782

Controversies

In a 1997 Sahara Cup match against India, Inzamam assaulted a member of the crowd, Shiv Kumar Thind, a Canadian-based Indian, who had been comparing Inzamam to several kinds of potato, on a megaphone. According to eye witnesses a cricket bat was brought out by the Pakistan team's 12th man, Mushtaq Ahmed, who then waited at the boundary with the bat. Television replays confirmed those statements.The Guardian newspaper quoted another eyewitness as saying "If not for the spectators and security staff curbing him, he would have broken the head of that guy. The guy with the megaphone was no match for Inzamam and got mauled. Even when Canadian police took Inzamam back on to the field, he was trying to get back to the stands."

After reviewing footage of the incident Canadian police arrested Inzamam and charged him with two counts of assault and one of assault with a deadly weapon.He was released on bail of $3,000. Two days after Inzamam was charged, the Pakistan team lodged a formal complaint, to the 32nd Division of the Metropolitan police in Toronto against Thind, claiming that Thind had thrown his megaphone at Inzamam. Both Inzamam and Thind eventually dropped the charges against the other. Match referee Jackie Hendriks, banned him for two ODIs with a suspended ban of one further game.

On Pakistan's 2006 tour of England, Inzamam captained a team that refused to re-enter the field, after tea, on 20 August 2006 at The Ovalafter allegations of ball tampering from umpires Darrell Hair and Billy Doctrove. The umpires awarded England five penalty runs and the choice of a replacement ball, after ruling that Pakistan had illegally altered the ball.

Inzamam and his team staged a protest at the decision. During the protest the umpires, having tried to persuade Inzamam to come out of the dressing room, decided that the match could not continue. Upon returning to the field with his team, only to find both the England team and the umpires absent, Inzamam was informed of this situation. After further discussions between both teams, umpires and cricket board officials it was eventually agreed that the match could not be restarted. Thus, Inzamam became the first captain in history to forfeit a Test match. Inzamam was later charged with tampering with the ball and bringing the game into disrepute (the latter charge associated with the teatime protest),although he strenuously denied the charges. On September 28, 2006 the allegations of ball-tampering were dismissed, however he was found guilty of bringing cricket into disrepute and given a four match One-Day International ban with immediate effect.

The Pakistan Cricket Board later blamed Inzamam for the Oval Test forfeiture; adding that the forfeited match had made the board susceptible to a claim of £800,000 by the ECB as compensation. However, later on, the result of the Oval Test was changed by the ICC and called a draw. This was yet again overturned after the MCC stated the ICC could not do this and was changed to an England win.

• Inzamam's disciplinary record is as follows:
  1. v India at Toronto, September 14, 1997 - assaulted a spectator. Banned for two one-day internationals, suspended ban of one further match.
  2. v South Africa at Newlands, April 23, 1998 - dissent at umpire's decision. Fined 50 percent of match fee, with a suspended ban of one limited overs match.
  3. v Sri Lanka - March 12–16, 2000 at Karachi - criticising the attitude of the Sri Lankan players. Received severe reprimand.
  4. v West Indies - May 25–29, 2000 in Antigua, West Indies - dissent over umpiring decision. Fined 50 percent of match fee.
  5. v England - June 23, 2001 at Lord's - showing dissent at the umpire's decision. Fined 50 percent of match fee and suspended for two one-day internationals.
  6. v India, March 16, 2004 at Rawalpindi - conduct contrary to the spirit of the game. Fined 50 percent of match fee.
  7. v West Indies - February 1, 2005 at Perth - for not controlling his players as captain. Fined 100 percent of match fee.
  8. v India - March 24–28, 2005 at Bangalore - showing dissent at an umpire's decision by action or verbal abuse. Fined 30.5 percent of match fee.
  9. v India - March 24–28, 2005 at Bangalore - charging or advancing towards the umpire in an aggressive manner when appealing. Banned for one Test match.
  10. v India - April 5, 2005 at Visakhapatnam - abuse of cricket equipment or clothing, ground equipment or fixtures and fittings. Reprimanded.
  11. v England - August 17–21, 2006 at the Oval - bringing the game into disrepute. Banned for four ODIs.
  12. v Ireland - March 17, 2007 at Jamaica - failure to ensure that his team met the minimum over rate requirements. Fined 50% of match fee.

In 2006-07, controversy arose that Inzamam and other players who were members of the Tablighi Jamaat Islamic missionary group, were coercing other players and giving preferential treatment to those players who grew beards and prayed regularly. The then-Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf expressed his concerns to the then-PCB chairman Nasim Ashraf, who warned Inzamam and told the players to stop public displays of religious beliefs. Late Pakistan coach Bob Woolmer also stated that while religion fostered a degree of unity, it also intefered in the team's training and practice sessions. Inzamam publicly denied accusations of forcing Islam on other players.